54 治療鐮刀型貧血（sickle cell anemia）可使用下列何種藥物？

Folate Deferoxamine Hydroxyurea Pyridoxine

hydroxyurea

It is also used to reduce the rate of painful attacks in sickle-cell disease and has antiretroviral properties in diseases such as AIDS.

In the treatment of sickle-cell disease, hydroxycarbamide increases the concentration of fetal hemoglobin. The precise mechanism of action is not yet clear, but it appears that hydroxycarbamide increases nitric oxide levels, causing soluble guanylyl cyclase activation with a resultant rise in cyclic GMP, and the activation of gammaglobulin synthesis necessary for fetal hemoglobin (by removing the rapidly dividing cells that preferentially produce sickle hemoglobin).^[2][3]