17 下列那一症狀不能作為主動脈瓣閉鎖不全之惡化指標？

出現Austin-Flint murmur

全程早期心舒期心雜音（early diastolic blowing murmur）強度增加

第一音（S1）加強

脈壓＞1/2心縮血壓

ANS C

S1 , MV VALVE CLOSURE!!!!

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18 一位28歲女性患者，因長期腹瀉求診，被懷疑是「分泌性腹瀉」。下列有關「分泌性腹瀉」的敘述，何者錯誤？

通常在禁食以後，仍然會發生下痢有時在病人身體內長有內分泌腫瘤

可能與某些細菌（如霍亂弧菌）感染有關與使用氧化鎂有關

氧化鎂

氧化鎂IS MgO,

MgCI is the one that cause diarrhea secretory type!

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23 大腸急性憩室炎（acute diverticulitis）最常引起下列那一部位之腹痛？

右上腹右下腹左上腹左下腹

D

Left lower quadrant pain is the most common presenting complaint and occurs in 70% of patients.

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24 下列何種腎絲球病變與B型肝炎病毒感染無關？

Membranous glomerulopathy IgA nephropathy

Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease Polyarteritis nodosa

C

ANTI GBM: GOOD PASTURE

HBV: MEMBRANOUS IGA PN

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30 下列何種狀況不會增加顯影劑誘發之急性腎小管壞死的危險性？

多發性骨髓瘤（multiple myeloma） 糖尿病

體液不足（hypovolemia） 高血鉀

ANS HYPERKALEMIA

Renal failure

Renal failure may develop both acutely and chronically. It is commonly due to hypercalcemia (see above). It may also be due to tubular damage from excretion of light chains, also called Bence Jones proteins, which can manifest as the Fanconi syndrome (type II renal tubular acidosis). Other causes include glomerular deposition of amyloid, hyperuricemia, recurrent infections (pyelonephritis), and local infiltration of tumor cells.