72 下列何者不是雄性素（androgen）過度刺激所引起之可能副作用？

Priapism Polycythemia Prostate enlargement Weight loss

weight loss

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73 下列何種因子不會導致內生性胰島素（endogenous insulin）的分泌？

Glucose Glucagon Somatostatin Gastrin

somatostatin

Anterior pituitary

In the anterior pituitary gland, the effects of somatostatin are:

• Inhibit the release of growth hormone (GH)^[3] (thus opposing the effects of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH))
• Inhibit the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
• It is induced by low pH.
• Secreted by "D" cells and alpha cells in Islet of Langerhans.
• Inhibit adenylyl cyclase in parietal cells.

[edit]Gastrointestinal system

• Somatostatin is homologous with cortistatin (see somatostatin family) and suppresses the release of gastrointestinal hormones
  • Gastrin
  • Cholecystokinin (CCK)
  • Secretin
  • Motilin
  • Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)
  • Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)
  • Enteroglucagon
• Decrease rate of gastric emptying, and reduces smooth muscle contractions and blood flow within the intestine^[3]
• Suppresses the release of pancreatic hormones
  • Inhibits insulin release when somatostatin is released from delta cells of pancreas^[4]
  • Inhibits the release of glucagon^[4]
• Suppresses the exocrine secretory action of pancreas.