62 下列有關退化性老年癡呆症（Alzheimer’s disease）的治療藥物之描述，何者錯誤？

利用carbonic anhydrase抑制劑或bicarbonate將尿液鹼化會加速memantine的排除

Donepezil為一種長效型的乙醯膽鹼酯酶（acetylcholinesterase）抑制劑，其代謝產物的活性與原型藥物的作用強度相當

Cimetidine會增加galantamine的生體可用率（bioavailability）

Nicotine會增加rivastigmine的體內清除率（clearance）

ans A:

Memantine is the first in a novel class of Alzheimer's disease medications acting on the glutamatergic systemby blocking NMDA glutamate receptors.

Donepezil

Its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase levels of cortical acetylcholine. It has an oral bioavailability of 100% and easily crosses the blood-brain barrier. Because it has a half life of about 70 hours, it can be taken once a day. The initial dose is 5 mg per day, which can be increased to 10 mg per day after an adjustment period of at least 4 weeks, and then after 3 months can be titrated to 23 mg if necessary