61 Nitroprusside及nitroglycerin之抗高血壓或治療心絞痛作用乃經由下列何種酵素而導致平滑肌鬆弛？

Membrane-bound guanylate cyclase Cytosolic guanylate cyclase

Phosphodiesterase Protein kinase A

Cytosolic guanylate cyclase!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

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65 下列有關嗎啡類物質之藥理作用描述，何者錯誤？

Naloxone口服吸收的效果較naltrexone佳

Methadone所產生的禁斷現象較morphine弱

Codeine產生止咳作用所需的劑量較止痛所需的劑量低

Morphine的止痛作用較codeine強

ans A

Naloxone is a drug used to counter the effects of opioid overdose, for example heroin or morphine overdose. Naloxone is specifically used to counteract life-threatening depression of the central nervous system and respiratory system.

Administration

Naloxone is most commonly injected intravenously for fastest action. The drug generally acts within a minute, and its effects may last up to 45 minutes. It can also be administered via intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. Use of a wedge device (nasal atomizer) attached to a syringe to create a mist delivering the drug to the nasal mucosa^[1] may also be utilized, although this solution is more likely utilized outside of a clinical facility.

Naltrexone is an opioid receptor antagonist used primarily in the management of alcohol dependence andopioid dependence