Associations
Gonadoblastoma is most often associated with abnormal chromosomal karyotype, gonadal dysgenesis, and the presence of a Y chromosome in over 90% of cases.
It has been found in association with Turner's syndrome
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45 一位37歲女性，結婚1年無法受孕，因月經過期求診，驗孕為陰性，血中FSH濃度為42 mIU/mL，E2 <>
多囊性卵巢 壓力過大 早發性卵巢衰竭 厭食症
ANS C
46 承上題，若病人想懷孕，應用何種方式？
口服排卵藥Clomiphene citrate Glucophage（Metformin）
卵子捐贈 hMG誘導排卵
ANC 卵子捐贈
IT IS FAILING NA KC, SO YOU NEED TO GIVE EGG
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47 有一對年輕的夫婦（同為26歲）因為3年沒有避孕但太太都未曾懷孕而到門診求診，女方月經規則間隔30天，每次經期約4天。夫婦皆否認有抽菸、喝酒或藥物使用，也皆否認有任何的內外科疾病。先生的精液分析（semen analysis）體積為2.5 mL、精蟲數低於0.1×106 sperm/mL、10%有前進活動力（forward progression）且30%有正常形態（morphology）。下一步要做的是進行：
精子清洗術（semen wash）、子宮內受精（intrauterine insemination, IUI）及口服排卵藥clomiphene citrate
體外受精（in vitro fertilization, IVF）包括單一精子卵質內顯微注射（intracytoplasmic sperm injection, ICSI）及胚胎植入（embryo transfer, ET）
傳統體外受精及胚胎植入
先生接受染色體（karyotype）、濾泡刺激素（follicle stimulating hormone, FSH）及睪固酮（testosterone）檢查
ANS B
VERY POOR SPERM : ANS A IS NOT SOLUTION
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48 治療Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism的排卵問題，應優先使用下列何者？
Low-dose estrogen therapy
Human menopausal gonadotropin（hMG）
Bromocriptine mesylate
Clomiphene citrate
ANS B
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is caused by a lack of the gonadal stimulating pituitary hormones: follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
Human menopausal gonadotropins are a natural medication used to help induce ovulation in women with certain fertility issues. Human menopausal gonadotropins contain both LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle stimulating hormone), hormones needed to help trigger ovulation. Human menopausal gonadotropins are found in the urine of postmenopausal women. They are removed from this urine, sterilized, and then used in fertility treatment.
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