1 有關治療癌症疼痛之方法的敘述，下列何者錯誤？

根據WHO止痛階梯（analgesic ladder），止痛藥物之選擇，乃依病痛之嚴重程度由弱至強來使用

病人自控止痛藥是目前最方便、最簡單之方法

輔助藥劑包括有鎮定劑、安眠劑、止吐劑、軟便劑、類固醇、抗焦慮及憂鬱劑、抗癲癇劑等

神經破壞術（neurolytic block）在某些情況下可有效解除局部之疼痛，而減少了止痛藥之劑量

b

4 置放中心靜脈導管（central venous catheter），下列那一位置最常為麻醉醫師於手術麻醉時使用？

subclavian vein antecubital vein

femoral vein right internal jugular vein

d

6 關於手術中使用誘發電位（evoked potential; EP）監測術中神經功能的敘述，下列何者錯誤？

體神經誘發電位（somatosensory evoked potential; SSEP）常使用於脊椎手術監測脊椎神經是否損傷

聽覺神經誘發電位（brainstem auditory evoked potential; BAEP）常於切除聽覺神經瘤手術中使用

視覺神經誘發電位（visual evoked potential; VEP）常使用於一般頸椎手術

運動神經誘發電位可以使用於脊椎手術監測脊椎運動神經是否損傷

c

Intraoperative monitoring

Somatosensory evoked potentials provide monitoring for the dorsal columns of the spinal cord. Sensory evoked potentials may also be used during surgeries which place brain structures at risk. They are effectively used to determine cortical ischemia during carotid endarterectomy surgeries and for mapping the sensory areas of the brain during brain surgery.

8 在非傷害性（non-noxious）刺激下，仍會感覺到疼痛，稱為：

neuralgia allodynia hyperalgesia hyperesthesia

b

Allodynia, meaning "other pain", is a pain due to a stimulus which does not normally provoke pain^[1] and can be either thermal or mechanical. It is pain from a stimulus that does not normally lead to the sensation of pain, and often occurs after injury to a site. Allodynia is different from hyperalgesia, an extreme reaction to a stimulus which is normally painful.

Hyperesthesia (or hyperaesthesia) is a condition that involves an abnormal increase in sensitivity to stimuli of the senses. Stimuli of the senses can include sound that one hears, foods that one tastes, textures that one feels, and so forth. Increased touch sensitivity is referred to as "tactile hyperesthesia", and increased sound sensitivity is called "auditory hyperesthesia". Tactile hyperesthesia may be a common symptom of many neurologic disorders such as herpes zoster, peripheral neuropathy and radiculopathies.

9 一位45歲病人主訴有畏光、紅眼、視力減退，且眼角膜在細隙燈下檢查，發現有可以螢光染色（fluorescein stain）顯示出的樹枝狀角膜潰瘍（dendritic ulcer）。他最可能患有什麼疾病？

細菌性角膜炎黴菌性角膜炎寄生蟲性角膜炎疱疹病毒性角膜炎

herpes!!!!!!: dendritic!!!!! ulcer