78 一位15歲女生輕度發燒及頭痛，電腦斷層掃描發現左額葉有個腦膿瘍，無外傷，住院後2個星期死亡。下列有關該病變的敘述，何者正確？

來源最可能是額竇炎 來源最可能是中耳炎

周邊部位莢膜以反應性星狀細胞為主 中央區域是凝固壞死

A

77 一位60歲男性於喝酒1小時後昏迷，血液驗出甲醇（methanol），該物質喜好傷害何處的神經細胞？

黑質（substantia nigra） 橄欖核（olivary nucleus）

視網膜（retina） 視神經（optic nerve）

RETINA

Methanol is perhaps the most common cause of toxin-induced vision loss. The optical effects of methanol occur through its metabolic conversion to formic acid, a direct retinal toxin.

FORMIC ACID KILLS THE RETINA!!!!!!!!!!!!! (FOR THE TAIWAN EXAM)

OTHER JOURNAL ARE CITING THE DAMAGE OF OPTIC NERVE, RATHER THAN THE RETINA

methanol produces a metabolic acidosis, so a patient with methanol poisoning would be hyperventilating to compensate. Moreover, the acidosis should be apparent on arterial blood gas or serum chemistry analyses. Finally, in patients with blindness caused by methanol poisoning, the funduscopic examination usually reveals an "angry" fundus